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- About the Casino
- Native Americans and Archaeology
- Santa Catalina Island - General Information
- Channel Islands
- Animals and the Island
- Development of Catalina Island as a Tourist
Destination
- Avalon and Its History
- Finding More Information
- Acknowledgements
- When was the Casino building built?
- Who designed the Casino building?
- What was on the site prior to the present
Casino building?
- How is the Casino building used?
- Where can I look for additional information
about the Casino building?
1.
When was the Casino building built?
The building was completed in May, 1929. It took fourteen months to
build, at a cost of $2 million.
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2.
Who designed the Casino building?
The
building was designed by Architects Walter Webber and Sumner A.
Spaulding.
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3. What was on the site
prior to the present Casino building?
From 1920-1928,
the octagonal Sugarloaf Casino was on the same site. It was a dance
pavilion. It was also used as a roller skating rink, school, and
restaurant. When it was torn down to make room for the current Casino
Building, the steel framework was moved to the Bird Park where it
became the main aviary. Sugarloaf Rock at the end of the point was
blasted away in March,
1929, to enhance the view of the new Casino building.
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4. How is the Casino
building used?
Casino is an
Italian word meaning "place of entertainment" or "social gathering
place." The Casino was built to house a state-of-the-art (for that
time) theater and ballroom.
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5. Where can I look for
additional information about the Casino building?
The best and
only book is The Casino by Patricia Anne Moore
(1979, revised 1999). This book can be viewed at the Avalon Library and
purchased at the Santa Catalina Island Museum.
For more
information about the Casino, see the following sources:
Casino
Website Links:
Print Sources on the Casino:
- Moore,
Patricia Anne. The Casino, Avalon, Santa Catalina Island,
California. Avalon, CA: Catalina Island Museum Society, 1979.
Casino Images:
- Casino under construction,
1928
[Courtesy of the Catalina Island Museum]
- First Casino and Sugarloaf,
c. 1920s
[Courtesy of the Catalina Island Museum]
- Invitation to opening of the
Casino on May 29, 1929. It shows a male and female pirate with a
'pleasure' chest on a beach.
[Courtesy of the Catalina Island Museum]
- Inside of invitation to
opening of the Casino on May 29, 1929 containing an engraving of the
Casino.
[Courtesy of the Catalina Island Museum]
- Casino ballroom, c. 1940s
[Courtesy of the Catalina Island Museum]
- Dancers in Casino ballroom,
c. 1940
[Courtesy of the Catalina Island Museum]
- South side of 'Via Casino'
archway and Casino, 2000
[County of Los Angeles Public Library]
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1. What is the name of
the Indians who lived on the Island and what happened to them?
Native Americans
who lived in the Los Angeles area and the Southern Channel Islands
(including Santa Catalina Island) spoke a language distinct from their
neighbors to the North and South of them. They have come to be known as
the Gabrielino, because many of those who survived European diseases
and the disruption on their normal trade patterns and culture went to
the Mission San Gabriel in Los Angeles, some forcibly and some
willingly. The most recent radiocarbon dating indicates human
habitation of the Island for approximately 7,000 years before present.
Other Channel Islands have found even earlier dates. The Native
Americans who lived here at the time the Spanish
found them called Catalina Island "Pemú'nga" (most current
spelling based on linguistic research of scholars; there are no fluent
speakers of the Gabrielino language). We're not sure when the last
native Gabrielino went to the missions, but the missions' baptismal
records show Islander baptisms until the 1820s. Today one mainland
group of Gabrielino ancestry, located in the San Gabriel area, calls
themselves "Gabrielino/Tongva." The United States government has not
yet formally recognized any of the Gabrielino groups. For information
about the Gabrielino/Tongva, please see the following sources:
Website Links:
Print
Sources:
- University
of California, Los Angeles. Archaeological Survey. Archaeological
General Plan Proposal for Santa Catalina Island. 1969.
- McCawley,
William. The First Angelinos: The Gabrielino Indians of Los
Angeles. Banning, CA: Malki Museum Press, 1996.
- Miller,
Bruce W. The Gabrielino. Los Osos, CA: Sand River
Press, 1991.
Images:
- Steatite mortar and pestle
[Courtesy of the Catalina Island Museum]
- Unfinished steatite bowl
[Courtesy of the Catalina Island Museum]
- Steatite mano and metate
[Courtesy of the Catalina Island Museum]
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- What are some statistics for Catalina Island?
- Is Avalon the only town on Catalina Island?
- What are the Island's main industries?
- What is the history of the Catalina pottery
factory?
- What is the Wrigley Institute for Environmental
Studies?
- Who named the Island?
- Who has owned Catalina Island over the years?
- How did Catalina Island form?
- Which branches of the military trained on the
island during World War II and where were they stationed?
1.
What are some statistics for Catalina Island?
Catalina
Island is 21 miles long and 8 miles wide at the widest point, and about
_ mile wide at the Isthmus. Its perimeter of 54 miles encompasses
approximately 47,884 acres or about 76 square miles. The highest point
on the Island is Mt. Orizaba at 2,097 feet. It is 26 miles from Avalon
to San Pedro and 21 miles from Arrow Point on Catalina to Point Vicente
on the mainland. The Catalina Channel is about 3 miles deep.
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2. Is Avalon the only
town on Catalina Island?
Catalina Island
has a few small communities, such as Two Harbors on the Isthmus, but
2.6 square mile Avalon is the only incorporated city. Prior to the
annexation of Pebbly Beach and Avalon Canyon in late 1997, Avalon was
one square mile in size.
 |
Images:
- Avalon Bay, the Hotel
Metropole, and many tents and cabins in Avalon, c. 1889
[Courtesy of the Catalina Island Museum]
- Town of Avalon and
Avalon Bay, 1911
[Courtesy of the Catalina Island Museum]
- William Wrigley
Memorial, c. 1970. The Memorial is located at the head of Avalon Canyon
in a 37 acre botanic garden containing the endemic plants of Catalina
Island.
[Courtesy of the Catalina Island Museum]
- Wharf in Avalon Bay,
2000
[County of Los Angeles Public Library]
- Botanical Gardens in
Avalon Canyon, 1974. The 37 acre gardens contain the endemic plants of
Catalina Island and the William Wrigley Memorial.
[Courtesy of the Catalina Island Museum]
- Archway over walkway to
Casino, the 'Via Casino,' 2000
[County of Los Angeles Public Library]
- El Encanto, 2000
[County of Los Angeles Public Library]
- Chime tower, 2000
[County of Los Angeles Public Library]
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3.
What are the Island's main industries?
Tourism
and quarrying are the Island's main industries. In the 1930s, Catalina
Island also had a pottery factory and a furniture factory. In the 1860s
and the 1920s, a small mining industry briefly existed on the island.
Miners discovered silver in 1864, but when the Army occupied the island
that same year, all but a few miners with substantial claims were
forced to leave. In the 1920s, William Wrigley, Jr., by then owner of
the island, opened several mines which produced lead, zinc, and silver.
The mines were closed when the price of silver dropped. In the late
1800s and early 1900s, ranchers raised sheep and cattle on the Island.
The first ranch was established in 1846, but ranching died out in the
1950s when it was no longer profitable.
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4. What is the history
of the Catalina pottery factory?
The Catalina
Island Tile and Pottery factory operated from 1927 to 1937. It was
established by the Santa Catalina Island Company to take advantage of
the clay deposits discovered by William Wrigley, Jr. and David M.
Renton and, more importantly, to use these to help reduce construction
costs on the Island by producing building materials locally. Pottery
and tiles produced in the factory during its ten years of operation are
incised with "Catalina Island" or "Catalina" on the bottom and have
distinctive colors such as Toyon red, Descanso green, Mandarin yellow,
and others. After the factory closed, the molds were sold to Gladding
McBean on the mainland. They used the Catalina
name for a while and marked it with blue or black ink.
Website Links:
Print
Sources:
- Hoefs,
Steven and Aisha Hoefs. Catalina Island Pottery: Collectors
Guide. Avalon, CA: S. & A. Hoefs, 1993.
- Rosenthal,
Lee. Catalina Tile of the Magic Isle. Windgate
Press, 1992.
Images:
- Catalina Clay Products
pottery plant on Pebbly Beach, c. 1930s. The photograph also shows the
Graham Bros. Quarry in the lower right.
[Courtesy of the Catalina Island Museum]
- Packing a box with
Catalina pottery to be sent to Mrs. Franklin D. Roosevelt, mid-1930s.
Shelves containing finished pottery can be seen in the background.
[Courtesy of the Catalina Island Museum]
- Woman marking pottery
in a storage room containing numerous completed pottery items, c. 1930
[Courtesy of the Catalina Island Museum]
- Catalina Island pottery
- tiles depicting egret, c. 1930s
[Courtesy of the Catalina Island Museum]
- Catalina Island pottery
- tiles depicting two parrots on a branch, c. 1930s
[Courtesy of the Catalina Island Museum]
- Catalina Island pottery
- blue dinnerware in rope design (plates), c. 1930s
[Courtesy of the Catalina Island Museum]
- Fountain at
intersection of Crescent and Sumner, 2000
[County of Los Angeles Public Library]
- Tile mosaic in archway
over walkway to Casino, the 'Via Casino,' 2000
[County of Los Angeles Public Library]
- Catalina Island pottery
- framed tile image depicting a sea plane, c. 1930s
[Courtesy of the Catalina Island Museum]
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5.
What is the Wrigley Institute for Environmental Studies?
In
October 1995, the University of Southern California received a grant
from the Wrigley family to expand the scope of their USC Marine Science
Center at Fisherman's Cove to include environmental sciences, hence the
name change. The lab was renovated in 1996 and the dorms in 1997. The
hyperbaric and decompression chamber is operational for emergencies
(divers with the bends). Expanded educational programming includes
classes for USC and California State University students, the USC Sea
Grant Program/Island Explorers which includes curriculum and an
overnight visit for K-12 students, and Elderhostel. Postdoctoral
fellows and other scientists are conducting ambitious new environmental
research projects. For more information on the Wrigley Institute, see
the following source:
Website
Links:
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6.
Who named the Island?
In
1542, Catalina Island was discovered by Juan Rodriguez Cabrillo, who
named it San Salvador and claimed the island in the name of the king of
Spain.
In 1602, the island was rediscovered by Spanish explorer, Viscaino, who
landed here on Saint Catherine's Feast Day (St. Catherine of
Alexandria). He named it Santa Catalina Island in her honor. More
information about Juan Rodriguez Cabrillo can be found in the following
source:
Print
Sources:
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7. Who has owned
Catalina Island over the years?
The Gabrielino
Indians lived on Catalina Island for over 7,000 years. When Cabrillo
discovered the island in 1542, it was claimed by the king of Spain.
Mexican ownership dates from 1821, when Mexico achieved its
independence from Spain. In 1846, Governor Pio Pico of Mexican
California granted Catalina Island to a private citizen, Tomas Robbins,
who owned it until 1850. In that year, he sold Catalina to Jose Maria
Covarrubias for $10,000. Covarrubias sold the island to Albert Packard
of San Francisco in 1853. The Island then went through a complex phase
of ownership changes and divisions until it was acquired by James Lick
in 1864. By 1867, Lick had entire ownership of the Island. In 1887,
George Shatto bought the entire Island for $200,000 from the Lick
Estate (Lick died in 1876), but lost the island due to debt and
foreclosure. The Lick Estate then sold the island to William Banning in
1892 for $128,740. The Bannings established the Santa Catalina Island
Company in 1896 and transferred ownership of the Island to the Company
that year. After a devastating fire that burned a quarter of Avalon in
1915, the Bannings faced financial difficulties and sold the Island
Company to William Wrigley, Jr. of Chicago Cubs and chewing gum fame.
For more information, please see the following sources:
Website
Links:
Print Sources:
- Angle,
Paul McClelland. Philip K. Wrigley: A Memoir of a Modest.
Chicago: Rand McNally, 1975.
Images:
- Home of Hancock Banning in
Descanso Canyon, c. 1910
[Courtesy of the Catalina Island Museum]
- Front garden and
façade of Mt. Ada, the home of William Wrigley, Jr., 1930s.
The home is situated on a hill above Avalon Bay. It is now owned by USC
and operated by lessees as a bed and breakfast inn.
[Courtesy of the Catalina Island Museum]
- Mt. Ada and Avalon Bay, c.
1928. Sugarloaf Casino is seen across Avalon Bay.
[Courtesy of the Catalina Island Museum]
- William Wrigley, Jr. holding
a horse, c. 1919
[Courtesy of the Catalina Island Museum]
- Philip K. Wrigley and his two
daughters, Ada Blanche and Dorothy, riding on horseback in Avalon, 1937
[Courtesy of the Catalina Island Museum]
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8.
How did Catalina Island form?
The
island was formed by subduction in which the Pacific tectonic plate
goes under the continental (mainland) plate. More information about the
geology of Catalina Island can be found in the following source:
Print
Sources:
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9. Which branches of
the military trained on the island during World War II and where were
they stationed?
The U.S.
Maritime Services (Merchant Marines) were in Avalon, the Army Signal
Corps were at Camp Cactus, the Coast Guard was at the Isthmus, and the
Office of Strategic Services was at Toyon.
Images:
- U.S. Maritime Service
training in Avalon Bay during World War II, c. 1940s
[Courtesy of the Catalina Island Museum]
- Camp Cactus where U.S. Army
Signal Corps trained during World War II, c. 1940s
[Courtesy of the Catalina Island Museum]
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- What are the eight Channel Islands off
California's coast and which of them are part of Channel Islands
National Park?
- Do communities exist on any of the other
Channel Islands?
- Which island was the real "Island of the Blue
Dolphins?"
1.
What are the eight Channel Islands off California's coast and which of
them are part of Channel Islands National Park?
The
four Northern Islands are San Miguel, Santa Rosa, Santa Cruz, and
Anacapa.
The four Southern Channel Islands are San Nicolas, Santa Barbara, Santa
Catalina, and San Clemente. Channel Islands National Park includes the
islands
of Santa Rosa, Santa Cruz, Anacapa, Santa Barbara, and San Miguel.
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2.
Do communities exist on any of the other Channel Islands?
Avalon
is the only incorporated city on any of the Channel Islands. The Navy
has small installations on San Clemente and San Nicolas Islands. There
were small ranching operations on several of the Northern islands in
the past (Santa Rosa still operates as a cattle ranch).
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3.
Which island was the real "Island of the Blue Dolphins?"
The
island where the Native American woman lived alone for 18 years (after
the rest of her people were taken by boat to the mainland) was San
Nicolas Island. The book Island of the Blue Dolphins was written by
Scott O'Dell. The true story on which he based his book tells of the
"Lone Woman of San Nicolas." Because of the island Indians' repeated
confrontations with sea otter hunters, mission padres on the mainland
feared for the Indians' safety and in 1835 sent a schooner to evacuate
the island. As they were loading the ship, one woman realized her child
had been left behind in the village and hurried off to find it. With
strong winds rising, the ship had to sail away, leaving the woman
behind. Wild dogs apparently had killed her child and the ship could
not go back for her. She stayed alone on the island until a hunter,
George Nidever, discovered her. He brought her home to live with him
and his wife in Santa Barbara, but she died less than two months later
of dysentery. (Information from Jan Timbrook, "The Lone Woman of San
Nicolas Island," Bulletin of the Santa Barbara Museum of Natural
History, no. 155 (November 1991.) More information about the Channel
Islands can be found in the following sources:
Channel
Islands Website Links:
Print
Sources on Channel Islands:
- Doran,
Adelaide LeMert. Pieces of Eight Channel Islands: A
Bibliographical Guide and Source Book. Glendale, CA: A.H.
Clark Co., 1980.
- O'Dell,
Scott. Island of the Blue Dolphins. Boston:
Houghton Mifflin, 1990.
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- Are there animals who are native to Catalina
Island?
- Why are there bison on Catalina Island?
- What can you tell me about the history of
ranching on the Island?
1.
Are there animals who are native to Catalina Island?
Animals
which are considered "native" to the Island include Catalina Island
gray fox (probably brought to the Island from other Channel Islands by
Native Americans), small rodents such as mice, squirrels and the ornate
shrew, bats, 6 kinds of snakes including Pacific rattlesnake, lizards,
and tree frogs. Animals which are considered "introduced" (newcomers)
include goats (most likely introduced in the early 1800s, rather than
by the Spanish explorers who came much earlier, as is commonly
thought), bison (1924), mule deer and wild boar (introduced to the
Island in the 1930s), black buck antelope (1972), and bull frogs.
Catalina also has many species of birds including the bald eagle which
has been reintroduced to the Island through the Institute for Wildlife
Studies Bald Eagle Project.
Website
Links:
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2.
Why are there bison on Catalina Island?
Fourteen
were brought to Catalina in 1924 to make a film, though presently the
name of that film is unknown. Today the population is maintained at
about 200. Periodically the herds are thinned out by the Santa Catalina
Island Conservancy and the surplus bison are sold and shipped to the
mainland.
For more information on the natural history of Catalina Island and the
Conservancy, see the following source:
Website
Links:
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3.
What can you tell me about the history of ranching on the Island?
Fenced
in by ocean and free of large predators, Santa Catalina Island
attracted
enterprising ranchers who hoped to make money raising sheep and cattle
for wool, mutton, hides, and beef. Tomas Robbins, an American who
became a naturalized Mexican citizen, established the first ranch on
Santa Catalina island in 1846 when he received the Island as a land
grant from Mexican governor Pio Pico. Four years later, he sold the
Island to Jose Maria Covarrubius, first in a series of absentee owners.
Squatters soon settled in various coves that still bear their names.
Most of them raised sheep, which reportedly numbered more than 20,000
by 1864. When James Lick acquired the Island in 1867, he evicted all
but three of the squatters, who were granted
leases to run sheep and cattle. From 1915-1923 the Mauer Cattle Company
leased grazing rights from the Santa Catalina Island Company (formed in
1894).
When its lease expired, the Santa Catalina Island Company took over
ranching operations, maintaining several thousand head of cattle until
the 1950s. Today, no sheep or cattle remain on the Island.
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- When was the island first developed for
tourists?
- Who were the Bannings and what changes did they
make on the Island?
- What changes did the Wrigleys make on the
island?
1. When was the island
first developed for tourists?
In 1887, George
Shatto, a 37-year-old Michigan businessman, bought Catalina Island with
the intent to create a winter resort. He immediately began making plans
to build a town (which became Avalon), initiated the construction of
the Hotel Metropole and a wharf, and placed into service his steamer,
the Ferndale.
Images:
- Steamer at the dock in Avalon
Bay and the Hotel Metropole in Avalon, c. 1890
[Courtesy of the Catalina Island Museum]
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2.
Who were the Bannings and what changes did they make on the Island?
Phineas
Banning, a prominent stage coach line operator based in the Los Angeles
area, began operating a regular steamship between the Island and the
mainland in the mid 1800s. By the early 1880s, the Banning family saw
another opportunity as the Island started to attract visitors and
residents. In 1884, they established the Wilmington Transportation
Company, which oversaw a series of ships making the run to the Island.
When George Shatto ran into financial troubles, the Bannings purchased
the Island from him in 1892, increased their fleet of ships, and
spurred on the Island's fledgling tourist industry.
The
Bannings built the island's first substantial infrastructure, providing
water, electricity, waste disposal, and communications services,
building good roads, and installing law enforcement and fire protection
services. During the period they owned the island, from 1892 to 1919,
visitor attractions on the Island also expanded exponentially to
include a dance pavilion, golf course, tennis courts, an incline
railway, Greek amphitheater, and aquarium. Tourists could enjoy the
music of the Porters Catalina Island Marine Band, hunt and fish, watch
fireworks, take stagecoach rides, and view the wonders of the sea
through the floors of glass-bottomed boats. George S. Patton, Jr.,
destined to become famous as a general during World War II, spent his
summers at a family home on the Island during this time.
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3. What changes did the
Wrigleys make on the island?
The Wrigleys of
Chicago purchased Catalina Island in 1919 and quickly set about
developing it further. With William Wrigley, Jr., guiding its
evolution,
the Island was soon home to the Sugar Loaf Casino, Atwater Hotel, Band
Box Theater, Bird Park, and Catalina Clay Products plant. The Wrigleys
imported deer and boar for hunters, brought in the Chicago Cubs for
spring training, and began hosting the Bobby Jones Amateur Golf
Tournament. To get to the tourist paradise, visitors could steam to the
Island in the expensive and spacious SS Avalon and SS Catalina or take
advantage of the new cross-channel air service.
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Images:
- Hotel St. Catherine in
Descanso Canyon, 1938
[Courtesy of the Catalina Island Museum]
- Hotel St. Catherine in
Descanso Bay, c. 1935
[Courtesy of the Catalina Island Museum]
- Front steps, flower
beds, and Mt. Ada, the home of William Wrigley in Avalon, c. 1930
[Courtesy of the Catalina Island Museum]
- First Casino and
Sugarloaf, c. 1920s
[Courtesy of the Catalina Island Museum]
- Top deck of the S.S.
Catalina filled with passengers as the steamer leaves a Southern
California harbor, c. 1920s
[Courtesy of the Catalina Island Museum]
- Steamer trunk label
showing Avalon Bay, c. 1930s. The label is marked 'Catalina Island,
California: In All The World No Trip Like This.'
[Courtesy of the Catalina Island Museum]
- Crowd welcoming
visitors from steamer upon arrival in Avalon, c. 1941
[Courtesy of the Catalina Island Museum]
- S.S. Catalina with
Casino in background, c. 1930s
[Courtesy of the Catalina Island Museum]
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- How did Avalon get its name and what does it
mean?
- Is the story true that the builder/owner of the
Holly Hill House refused to let women on the property after his
bride-to-be jilted him, because she didn't want to live in such an
isolated place?
- Where and when did the Chicago Cubs train?
- What is the Tuna Club?
1.
How did Avalon get its name and what does it mean?
After
Catalina Island was sold to George Shatto in 1887, he had the town
surveyed and streets laid out. He then sold the first lots. He didn't
want the town named "Shattoville" and asked his sister-in-law, Etta
Whitney, to name the town. She chose "Avalon," a Celtic word meaning
"island of apples." It is also the name of the place in Tennyson's
poem, "Idylls of a King," where King Arthur went to heal himself.
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2. Is the story true
that the builder/owner of the Holly Hill House refused to let women on
the property after his bride-to-be jilted him, because she didn't want
to live in such an isolated place?
Lookout Cot
(later Holly Hill House) was built in 1890 as a private residence by
Peter Gano, a retired engineer from Pasadena. His sister was to come
live with him, but she never did. He did allow women on the property.
Images:
- Casino, Avalon Bay, and the
Holly Hill House, 1980
[Courtesy of the Catalina Island Museum]
- Peter Gano home (first named
'Lookout Cot' and now known as 'Holly Hill House'), 1892. The house was
completed in 1890.
[Courtesy of the Catalina Island Museum]
- Holly Hill House built by
Peter Gano in 1890 overlooking Avalon Bay
[Courtesy of the Catalina Island Museum]
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3. Where and when did
the Chicago Cubs train?
The Chicago Cubs
had spring training nearly every year from 1921 to 1951 at the Las
Casitas ball field on Avalon Canyon Road. There is a memorial plaque on
the site. For more information about the Chicago Cubs and their
history, please see the following sources:
Website Links:
Print
Sources:
- Wheeler,
Lonnie. Bleachers: A Summer in Wrigley Field.
Chicago: Contemporary Books, 1988.
Images:
- Chicago Cubs training on the
baseball field in Avalon Canyon, c. 1930
[Courtesy of the Catalina Island Museum]
- Chicago Cubs team members and
their families in front of Hotel St. Catherine, 1933
[Courtesy of the Catalina Island Museum]
- Chicago Cubs team photo on
Catalina Island, c. 1930s
[Courtesy of the Catalina Island Museum]
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4. What is the Tuna
Club?
The Tuna Club
was founded in 1898, by Charles Frederick Holder. Holder and the Tuna
Club pioneered and popularized sportfishing as a conservation measure
to slow down the declining numbers of fish. The goal was to give the
fish a fighting chance by using the lightest weight fishing line
possible. It is an exclusive club and membership is partially based on
the ability to capture certain species of fish using specified weights
of fishing line.
Images:
- Tuna Club and Avalon Bay, 1984
[Courtesy of the Catalina Island Museum]
- Mrs. A.W. (Pauline) Barrett
and boatman Jim Gardner with the black sea bass she had caught, 1901.
Mrs. Barrett was the second wife of George Washington Barrett. The fish
weighed 416 pounds and she caught it with a rod and reel.
[Courtesy of the Catalina Island Museum]
- Winston Churchill, Ben R.
Meyer, Captain Monte Foster and a Marlin swordfish caught by Winston
Churchill, 1929. The Marlin swordfish weighed 188 pounds and was caught
by Winston Churchill in 20 minutes time.
[Courtesy of the Catalina Island Museum]
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1. Where can I find old
photographs of Catalina Island and Avalon?
The
Catalina Island Museum at 1 Casino Way in Avalon (310/510-2414) has
original photographs. For photographs in published works, see the
following sources.
- Mallan, Chicki. Guide to Catalina and
California's Channel Islands. Pine Press, 1996.
- Martin, Terrence. Santa Catalina, An
Island Adventure. KC Publications, 1984.
- Moore, Patricia Anne. The Casino, Avalon.
Catalina Island Museum, 1979.
- Ramming, Burney. The Story of Catalina
Island. Catalina Island Post Card Co., 1996.
- White, William Sanford and Steven Kern Tice. Santa
Catalina Island: Its Magic, People, and History. White
Limited Editions, 1997.
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Much
of the information for this web site was provided by the Catalina Island Museum.
Top of Page
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